The lever, perhaps the 1st mechanism or mechanical device used by Man.The bow and arrows have been around for 15,000 years.The principle of the machine-ouutil begins with the potter’s lathe, around 3500 BC.The 1st plows date back to 3500 BC.Pulled by an animal, the plow removes with its central punch the surface layer of the soil, on either side of the furrow.The wheel was invented in Eurasia c.3500 BC.With wheels, you can make cars.The shadoof is a weighing device for lifting water, Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC.Spoke wheels appear c. 2000 BCThe 1st known catapults appear in the 1st Persian Empire in the 6th century. B.C.The Flying Pigeon in wood d’Archytas de Tarento is the 1st automaton in history, capable of flight (400 BC).The Flying Pigeon d’Archytas probably ran on compressed air or steam.The Endless Screw by Archimedes c. 250 BC, is still used today.Archimedes is perhaps the greatest scientist of antiquity (geometry, hydrostatics, mechanics, etc.).The Noria was invented by the Greeks (3rd century BC). Left image: Noria using a stream of water. / Right image: To raise water from the wells, an animal pulled the wheel..The Antikythera mechanism is the oldest known astronomical calculator (c. 200 BC).Reconstituted in 3D, the Antikythera mechanism reveals the complexity of its dozens of bronze cogs.The astrolabe has been known since Greek times.The astrolabe is an astronomical instrument measuring the position of the stars to determine the time of day and night. Allowed navigation at sea, before the invention of the sextant.Present in Greco-Roman times, the plough is distinguished from the plow by a punch in reverse, which returns the land to one side.The water mill has been around since antiquity.The windmill has been used in Persia for irrigation since the year 620.The spinning wheel was invented in Asia in the 16th century.The spinning wheel is an instrument used to spin wool twisting its fibers.The counterweight trebuchet appears at the beginning of the 12th century.The released lintel, requested by the counterweight, rises to the vertical and propels the projectile with force.The first cannons or bombards Inaugurated in the Hundred Years’ War, 15th century.Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), a visionary genius: plane, helicopter, submarine, tank, etc.Peter Henlein is perhaps the inventor of the clock (1508).In 1666, Isaac Newton created the first mirror telescope.Denis Papin is known for his steam engines. Left image: 1679: The digester. Pressure cooker predecessor Right Image: 1690: The 1st steam piston cylinder.Submarine «Urinator», built by Denis Papin in 1692.In 1712, the 1st steam engine by Newcomen and Savery, to pump water in the coal mines.In 1714, the 1st brevet of a typewriter by the Englishman Henry Mill.The modern sextant invented in the 1730s.The sextant allows you to determine the latitude of a place by measuring the angle between the horizon and a star.The history of robotics begins in 1737 with Vaucanson’s first automaton: the flute player.In 1739, Vaucanson presents a copper automaton with more than 4,000 pieces: the eater duck.The Vaucanson duck drinks, eats, quacks, walks in the water and digests like a live duck.In 1770, Cugnot creates the 1st automobile vehicle, powered by a steam engine.In 1789, Doctor Guillotin did not invent the guillotine, but generalized its use to all convicts.Tabitha Babbitt invents the circular saw in 1812.In 1825, Marc Seguin built the 1st large suspension bridge in Europe.1830: Barthélemy Thimonnier, invents the sewing machine.In 1832, Samuel Colt deposits a brevet for his revolver.In 1832, Joseph Plateau invents the phenakistiscope, which is a 1st step towards the invention of cinema.The 1st programmable calculator was invented in 1834 by the Englishman Charles Babbage.1852: Henri Giffard invents the 1st dirigible balloon.In 1859, Gaston Planté invents the electric accumulator (lead battery).The 1st vacuum cleaner. Invented in 1860 by Daniel Hess.In 1861, Richard Jordan Gatling invents the machine gun.In 1861, Gustave de Ponton d’Amécourt built a prototype: the «propeller» and invents the word helicopter.In 1869, Perreaux et Michaux invented the motorcycle, equipped with a steam engine.In 1871, Alphonse Pénaud, invents the Planophoro, the 1st reduced model of a rubber motor plane.In 1872, Dr François Merry Delabost invented the hygienic shower for French prisons.1878: Thomas Edison, inventor of the phonograph.1,093 patents were awarded to Thomas Edison (1847-1931) prolific inventor and pioneer of electricity.In 1881, Gustave Trouvé invents the 1st electric vehicle in the world, a tricycle.Between 1864 and 1902, Gustave Trouvé is the author of many inventions. Upper left image: Airship mockup / Down left image: Electric canoe / Upper right image: Military telegraph / Down right image: Mechanical bird.In 1884, Eugène Poubelle invents the garbage container.Josephine Cochrane is considered the inventor of the 1st dishwasher in 1886 (Illinois).In 1896, Jules Carpentier invented the Maltese cross, a mechanism allowing to transform a continuous rotation movement into a step rotation.In 1903, Mary Anderson invents the controlled windscreen wiper from the inside of the vehicle.In 1910, Henri Fabre invents the seaplane.In 1914, Pyotr Shilovsky invents the gyrocar, a 2-wheeled vehicle with gyroscope balance.Carl Magee is the inventor of the parking meter in 1935.In 1947, Mikhaïl Kalachnikov invented the AK-47 assault rifle.The corkscrew. It was only invented in the 17th century!The End.
Taken from the PowerPoint “MG O Homem e a Máquina”. Author: Patagon Diaporama
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